It is also a transition element that shows variable valances. Vanadium – Atomic number of Vanadium is 23. Its electronic configuration is 3d 1 4s 2. It is also a transition element but it doesn’t show variable valences. Scandium – Atomic number of scandium is 21. So, it needs 3 electrons to fulfill its outermost shell and attain stability. Phosphorus – Atomic number of phosphorus is 15. It is also known as inert gas or noble gas. So, helium is a highly stable element and doesn't react with other elements easily. Its outermost shell is already fulfilled. So, it needs to lose one electron to attain stability and get an electronic configuration like noble gas Helium. L ithium – Atomic number of lithium is 3. It needs one electron to fulfil its octet and attain stability. Thus, its valency is 1.įluorine – Atomic number of fluorine is 9. So, it's clear that sodium needs to lose one electron to attain stability by completing its octet. By completing its octet, it will attain stability. To complete its octet nitrogen needs 3 more electrons. So, it's clear that nitrogen has 5 electrons in its outermost shell. Nitrogen – Atomic number of nitrogen is 7. If copper shows valency 1 or Cu(I) then it’s known as Cuprous while when it shows valency 2 or Cu(II) then it’s known as Cupric. Most of the transition elements show variable valences. Let’s understand the valency by following examples.Ĭopper – Copper is a transition element. Some examples of elements are given below with the value of their valencies. However, if the outermost orbit is completely filled then sometimes very little to no chemical activity is observed in the particular element. These outermost shell electrons take part in any chemical reaction as generally, they contain more energy than the electrons present in other orbits.Īccording to the Octet rule, the outermost orbit of an atom will have a maximum of 8 electrons to become stable. The valence electron of atoms remains in the outermost shell of electrons. These orbitals are represented as K, L, M, N, and so on. In atoms, electrons are arranged in a way that they revolve around the nucleus in different orbitals (shells). It means by valency we can know how the atoms of an element will combine with atoms of another element. Valency is used to write the chemical formula of a compound. We can say valency is the number of electrons an element can lose or gain to attain stability. The electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as ‘Valence Electrons’. Valency is the combining capacity of an element. In the following article we are going to discuss the answer to these questions which is ‘Valency’, its examples and uses. But have you ever thought about what the reason for this specific formula is? How are these derived? The chemical formula of any element is written because of the valencies of its compound. We know the chemical formula of salt and water is NaCl and H 2 O respectively. The valency chart consists of the list of valencies of the element. Valency can be defined as combining the power of an element or radical.
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